Neurological Diseases

Individuals attending neurological rehabilitation have suffered from diseases, disorders, or trauma of the nervous system; congenital movement disorders; or have functional neurological symptoms. The International Classification of Function (ICF) is used for assessing individual needs and to plan treatment. Various functions are frequently assessed such as swallowing ability, driving ability, cognitive ability and needs for aids in the home or work environment. Furthermore, issues related to work, education and accommodation are often addressed. Generally, the rehabilitation approach aims to reinforce skills required in day-to-day living and participation in social activities. Follow-up after discharge is provided as required.

The main categories of patients attending neurological rehabilitation are patients suffering brain injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and congenital or early onset movement disorders with or without intellectual disability.

Treatment

Most often individuals are admitted for 4-6 weeks. Each individual is allocated an interdisciplinary team, involving appropriate specialists, as identified by the need of the individual. In addition to general rehabilitation there are special areas of importance for each individual. Some may require particular emphasis on neuropsychological assessment and treatment methods to help them better cope with activities of day-to-day living. Throughout the rehabilitation process various assessment tools are used to measure progress.

In particular, individuals with brain injury can have problems with cognitive abilities, concentration, and social interactions.

Individuals with multiple sclerosis or Parkinson’s disease often require special emphasis on physical therapy aimed at improving strength, endurance, balance, and fine motor movements and special emphasis on speech therapy.

Individuals with congenital movement or early onset movement disorder are generally admitted at the age of 18 years, when they are moving from child to adult services. Emphasis is on assisting individuals and their families to re-evaluate their situation and identify the best way forward. Close contact with community services where individuals live is important. Some components of treatment are offered on a group basis.